| Other related instituitions - Non-Bank | |
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| It is a private-sector, privately-operated, real time, final payment system. It is the industry standard for clearing U.S. Dollar payments for most of the largest financial institutions around the globe. |
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| Each CHIPS member has an ownership interest in CHIPCo, the company that owns and operates CHIPS. Management of CHIPCo is directed by the Board, which is elected by the membership. The CHIPCo Board sets strategy and makes key decisions. |
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| CHIPS is a subsidiary of the New York Clearing House, the oldest and largest payments processor and bank association in the U.S. |
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| CLS Group Holding AG is a private company incorporated under the laws of Switzerland and is regulated by the Federal Reserve as a bank holding company in the United States. It has 67 banking and financial institutions as shareholders. |
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| CLS UK Intermediate Holding Ltd. Is the intermediate holding company of CLS Group, is limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, it is a "shell" company provides corporate services to CLS Bank and CLS Services Ltd. |
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| CLS Bank is a financial institution provides payment v payment settlement arising from FX transactions in eligible currencies. It is a real-time system, the initiative is to enable two legs of a cross-currency transaction to be settled simultaneously in order to eliminate settlement risk and reduces costly reconciliation. Currently, there are 81 settlement members using the CLS bank of which 54 are shareholder members. |
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| FCI is an organization for independent factoring companies around the world, it was established in 1968. |
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| The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) was founded in 1919, international secretariat role is established in Paris with an aim to serve world business by promoting trade and investment, open markets for goods and services, and the free flow of capital. |
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| ICC activities cover a broad spectrum, from arbitration and dispute resolution to making the case for open trade and the market economy system, business self-regulation, fighting corruption or combating commercial crime. |
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| The aim is to build strong economies in its member countries, improve efficiency, home market systems, expand free trade and contribute to development in industrialized as well as developing countries. The organization is now putting the benefit of its accumulated experience to the service of emerging market economies. |
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| The OECD groups of 30 member countries sharing a commitment to democratic government and the market economy. The OECD produces internationally agreed instruments, decisions and recommendations to promote rules of the game in areas where multilateral agreement is necessary for individual countries to make progress in a globalized economy. |
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| Rating Agencies |
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| Society Worldwide International Fund Transfer (SWIFT) is a worldwide community, headquarter located in Brussels, Belgium. It provides a common platform of advanced technology to over 7,500 financial institutions (banks, broker/dealers and investment managers) in 199 countries who are active in payments, securities, treasury and trade services, to exchange messages. |
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| Sibos is a yearly conference and exhibition organized by SWIFT. |
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| Export Credit Insurance Agency |
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| The agency provides insurance to exporter to cover their export payment risks, irrespective the payment terms are DP, DA or Open Account, etc., it also provides exporters with information in overseas problem buyers and help them prudently extend credit to buyers. Using the insurance policy as a collateral, the exporter can acquiring necessary finance from his/her bankers. Many countries have their government owned or semi-owned body to provide the insurance service to their exporters to promote and facilitate their country export, examples are : |
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| The G7 (Group of Seven) is not an international organisation in the technical sense of the term, it is just a forum whose competence and capability of action rest in great measure on the agreement and will of the participating States. |
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| The G7 does not has a permanent secretariat, it operates in many levels: |
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- Heads of State and government meet once a year
- Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors meet three/four times a year
- Finance Ministers meet always precedes the Summit for preparation of Summit
- Deputies and other executives meet more frequently
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| the missions are |
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- implementation of co-ordinated actions to ensure the stability of the international financial system, e.g. Intervention on foreign exchange market
- filling the gap created in the management of the monetary system, e.g. Involving in the cancellation of debt to the poorest countries
- intervening in the resolution of financial crises, preparing financial and packages in collaboration with the IMF, etc.
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| The G7 was created in 1975 by a Franco-German initiative. The members are France, USA, UK, Germany, Japan, Italy and Canada. The Birmingham Summit in 1998 marks Russia's official entry in the Group and the creation of the G8. |
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| Without the emerging-market countries the G7's (seven largest western economies) legitimacy and influence are constrained when dealing with issues which are related to developments in the overall international economic and financial system, and also the successful carry out of the procedures for crisis prevention and resolution. |
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| Prior to the creation of the G-20, similar groupings to promote dialogue and analysis had been set up at the initiative of the G-7 in 1998 (G-22) and 1999 (G-33). The proposals made by the G-22 and G-33 to reduce the world economy's susceptibility to crises showed the potential benefits of a regular international consultative forum embracing the emerging-market countries. Such a regular dialogue with a constant set of partners was institutionalised by the creation of the G-20 in 1999. |
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| Membership of G-20 |
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- Member - finance ministries and central banks of 19 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi-Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, UK and USA) plus the European Union (represented by the Council presidency and the European Central Bank).
- Ex-officio member Managing Director of IMF, President of World Bank, Chairpersons of the International Monetary and Financial Committee and Development Committee of the IMF and World Bank.
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| The G-20 finance ministers and central bank governors, plus their deputies and other Ex-officio meet once a year. Besides meeting, G-20 also organise technical seminars as well as compiling reports and case-studies on specific subjects. |
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